Setting
Related music & arts
Kind of evidence
Survey & observational
Review extent
Main text reviewed

What was studied

A convenience survey producing 365 responses, including 225 responses from people aged 50 or older; responses could be submitted for more than one ensemble.

What it contributes

The dissertation explores how participating adults describe their traits and musical involvement.

Where the evidence stops

Responses are not necessarily unique people, and self-description is not a validated personality diagnosis. Table inconsistencies and selection limit numerical interpretation. The study does not show that music changed personality.

About this review

The main text was reviewed for its methods, reported findings and limits. This source note is an editorial summary, not a reproduction of the work.

Source note updated September 7, 2026. Read our approach to evidence.

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