Setting
Community bands
Kind of evidence
Exploratory mixed-method study
Review extent
Targeted source check

What was studied

Volunteer members of one Ohio community band completed before-and-after measures and gave weekly feedback during instruction in playing by ear and improvising.

What it contributes

Participants reported increased confidence in ear playing and several other musical tasks.

Where the evidence stops

There was no control group. The small volunteer sample does not establish lasting improvement, broader effects or that instruction alone caused the change.

About this review

Abstract and study-design details checked in the retained source copy. Duplicate intake copies are represented by this single record; the ERIC record was unavailable during this update.

Source note updated September 10, 2026. Read our approach to evidence.

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