Setting
Community bands
Kind of evidence
Survey & observational
Review extent
Selected sections reviewed

What was studied

A University of Oklahoma dissertation surveying 127 participants across 18 United States states and one Canadian province, with a mean age of about 61.

What it contributes

The study provides context for musical interests, learner differences and concerns such as travel after dark.

Where the evidence stops

The university affiliation does not make this an Oklahoma sample. Current participants are selected, and the study does not validate personality-based recruitment or teaching prescriptions.

About this review

This is a targeted review of selected sections. The record should not be read as an appraisal of the entire work.

Source note updated September 7, 2026. Read our approach to evidence.

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