Setting
Community bands
Kind of evidence
Survey & observational
Review extent
Main text reviewed

What was studied

A cross-sectional survey of 617 adult civil wind band participants in Portugal, with a mean age of about 33.

What it contributes

Fellowship received the highest average rating among the measured motivation dimensions. Musical development and the conductor also received positive ratings.

Where the evidence stops

Ratings are not causal rankings of retention strategies. There was no follow-up of staying or leaving, and older adults were underrepresented.

About this review

The main text was reviewed for its methods, reported findings and limits. This source note is an editorial summary, not a reproduction of the work.

Source note updated September 7, 2026. Read our approach to evidence.

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